Emerging roles of NAD+ and its metabolites in cell signaling.
Science signaling
confidence
Key findings
Review of NAD+ and metabolites as coenzymes and cell signaling molecules; no clinical/biological endpoints reported.
View source on PubMed (PMID 19211509) ↗
- Sample size
- 120 researchers (symposium)
- Population
- Not applicable (review article)
- Dosing
- Not reported
- Duration
- Not reported
- Route
- Not reported
- Blinding
- not_reported
- Controls
- not_reported
- Drug class
- coenzyme
Full abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) is the universal currency of energy metabolism and electron transfer. Recent studies indicate that apart from its role as a coenzyme, NAD(+) and its metabolites also function in cell signaling pathways; for example, they are substrates for nucleotide-metabolizing enzymes and ligands for extra- and intracellular receptors and ion channels. Moreover, the NAD(+) and NAD(+) phosphate metabolites adenosine 5'-diphosphoribose (ADP-ribose), cyclic ADP-ribose, and nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) have emerged as key second messengers in Ca(2+) signaling. A symposium in Hamburg, Germany, brought together 120 researchers from various fields, who were all engaged in the molecular characterization of the key players of NAD(+) signaling (www.NAD2008.de).